Why does my dog want to be held all the time. html>la

And of course, tons of love. Emotional support dogs may be trained to apply pressure on their owners' chests or other body parts to help ease any anxiety or panic attacks. Lower activity level, feeling overfed, being picky over food Jan 20, 2017 · Instead of a hug, you can show affection to your dog by scratching him behind the ears or on the chest, rubbing that sweet spot between the eyes or giving him a belly rub if that’s what he loves best. May 8, 2024 · 6) They Want To Play. Barking is how a dog communicates. Herding. Pushy behavior. 1 day ago · Dogs typically carry their toys around with them when they want to bring you a gift. Pets offer various mental health benefits, including unconditional love, companionship, and Jun 16, 2024 · Dogs typically hold toys in their mouths either out of instinct or as a source of comfort. While other reasons include: adjusting to changes, doggy dementia, or wanting affection. What you have to do is be patient, keep the puppy close until they adjust, and provide enough physical stimulation. Certain temperatures and seasons, such as summer, can cause a dog to refuse to eat. Multiple causes here. Since they adore you, your dog may lick your face and hands! Licking may feel wonderful to your dog because it releases endorphins. One of the main reasons your dog might be your constant companion is because you’ve unintentionally trained them to be. Dogs can extend their paw for 16 different reasons. The behavior makes it easier for your pet dog to chew on the bone. Exercise your dog. Your old dog keeps wanting to go outside because it may be suffering from anxiety, depression, or Cognitive Dysfunction Syndrome. It could also be something that your dog has picked up from watching you, and he or she is trying to imitate human behavior. On the opposite end of the scale, if you’re petting your dog and you stroke an area they’re uncomfortable with, they might See full list on sirdoggie. If you notice your dog barking or growling at other pets while sitting on your lap, it may be a sign that your dog is feeling the need to assert his dominance. “Some dogs will do Oct 12, 2018 · Option 2: Remove the Dog. Age. Lowered head and tail is down. Sometimes your pup may want to play, and paw you to grab your attention. To stop this bad habit, owners need to make sure that their dog has had health issues ruled out, provide their dogs with plenty of attention and stimulation, teach them Oct 5, 2022 · Why do dogs like to cuddle—and what about those who don't? An expert explains the reasons some dogs are more snuggly than others, and spotting your pet's preferences. Feb 25, 2019 · To give you an example…. Feb 5, 2023 · Difference Between Velcro Dog and Separation Anxiety. Dogs may also stare at their owners as a way of expressing affection. Jan 10, 2024 · Holding hands with your dog creates a special bond and strengthens the relationship. This behavior is especially common in puppies, who are shy or feel overwhelmed by new experiences. ”. , tail tucked, body lowered, head down, gaze averted). While biting is an “aggressive behavior,” explains Dr. This type of cancer used to have a very poor prognosis 1. Firstly, dental problems such as painful teeth, gum disease, or oral tumors can make eating uncomfortable. 3. Apr 3, 2020 · Some signs are subtler, and they’re easy to miss unless you know what to look for. It can also be caused by being away from you. If you're sure there's no real need, it's best to ignore it. As stated above, staring at you gives your pup an oxytocin boost and uplifts their spirits. This may encourage them to bite. Overfeeding. #1: Know the reason why they do this . Apr 15, 2020 · While dog licking behaviors are necessary and natural amongst the pack, it can become excessive and a sign of anxiety in some domestic dogs. When you are attuned to them, you will know when the bites are no longer playful. Infection. Greeting Behavior. It’s also possible that your pet simply enjoys the outdoors. Feeling Unsettled, Anxious or Scared. Oct 12, 2022 · Dogs licking your hands due to stress or anxiety. The tail may be flaccid and loose without the ability to wag. When they don't feel that is enough, they move to sitting on you. There are 4 grades we talk about when we define MPLs: Grade I MPL: mild and infrequent clinical signs; patella can be manually pushed out of the trochlear groove but snaps back into place on its own. This does take a lot of time and effort on your part—over six months of training, to be exact. This can occasionally be why some dogs sit on you. Proper crate training provides your puppy with a “den” that they can feel safe and secure in, and lie inside of willingly. Here are seven ways dogs “say” they love you. Jan 26, 2022 · You can leave your pup in it for hours with no worries. A happy dog will want you to hold his paw because he wants something or he needs something from you. Jan 25, 2023 · 4. Over many trials, the length of time the owner is gone is extended, until hopefully your dog gets so used to the idea of you Mar 3, 2022 · Let us explore one by one. Jan 31, 2024 · How much time a dog needs to spend with humans or other dogs will vary by the individual pet, and can’t be generalized by breed, age, or overall health, explains Dr. Jul 11, 2024 · Make sure they have plenty of toys, and get plenty of exercise. It’s able to cope with your absence without significant distress. We've broken down the top nine most common reasons below: 1. Let’s say you shut your dog in their crate and then head out for 10 minutes. This is a psychological condition known as imprinting. With Fido’s chasing nature…. Is your dog showing any worrying symptoms, such as acting lethargic, having difficulty moving Nov 3, 2023 · There are several reasons why your dog may want to be held all the time. Instead, put your dog in her crate, outside, or in another room for a short time-out. It’s a nice way to bond and receive affection, especially if the Dog Why does my dog sit on my lap (all the time)? Your dog sits on your lap to comfort you, feel warm, be secured, cuddle with you, have a better view, grab your attention, get some snacks, or show others they own you. Hypoglycemia. When you are gone, the dog seems fine. Most dog parents don't think much of this behavior at first, but it's important to notice if this behavior Jan 29, 2023 · Your Dog has a Health Issue. Sometimes, they are bored, and at others, they aren’t getting enough exercise. Understimulated. Expressing Affection. If you suspect that they are no longer mouthing or doing playful biting, it is best to go to your veterinarian. Dogs are known to be intuitive animals, sensitive to the emotions of their owners and those around them. It is often exhibited in geese and ducks. He wants to bond with you. He is possessive. Generally, puppies can hold urine for the hours equivalent to their age in months. It could be that they’re cold. So next time your furry companion demands some extra snuggle time, remember that it’s simply their way of showing how much they care about you. Feb 23, 2021 · So if your pet is suddenly stuck next to you like glue, it might be a sign that they’re stressed. May 16, 2024 · Unlike in the wild, where eye contact is displayed as a sign of dominance, dogs have evolved to use it as a bonding tool. Seizures – Forebrain dysfunction can cause seizures in your . As a small dog, Chihuahuas are prone to anxiety and stress, which makes them clingy. 6. Apr 30, 2020 · There are plenty of reasons my dog wants to play all the time. This position can put stress on their spine and limbs, which can lead to discomfort or even injury. If you’ve asked your dog to do something and they just stare at you, it might not be that they’re being Jul 12, 2023 · While the constant “why does my dog lay on me” question may seem puzzling, the reasons usually stem from their pack instincts, their territoriality, their love for comfort, and their keen sense of their owner’s emotions. In general, dogs don’t like eye contact. For example, if your dog is mouthing you while you try to cook dinner, you might not want to exit the room and risk burning your food. Meat hunting. Sports show. However, there are other reasons for dogs carrying their toys around, such as maternal/hunting instincts, during periods of anxiety, teething, or a simple preference for that particular toy (due to its texture/taste/smell). In order to determine which method is the best, look at body language. In general, consider that it may be uncomfortable for large The most likely explanation is that the dog is seeking comfort and reassurance from its owner. This act basically tells you that they respect you as their leader of the pack, and want to lay at your feet as a sign of that. How accepting your Havanese is of being held will come down to how often he was handled as a puppy. Sometimes your dog may be staring at you because they simply don’t have a clue what’s happening or what they’re expected to do. The first thing you need to know is, why are they touching you? Does your dog touch you to simply get your attention, or is this habit caused by something serious? Jul 9, 2023 · Firstly, dogs are pack animals, and they have a natural instinct to seek closeness and security in their social group. Comfort and security. Crate Training. Additionally, sitting on you provides your dog with warmth and comfort. This kind of vocalization is usually motivated by excitement and may be directed at dogs or people. A sudden change in behavior like acting distant is typically an important-enough reason for you to take the dog to the vet. Puppies urinate more frequently than adult dogs because they drink water more often, and their bladders are smaller. It just seemed easier for him to chew if I held the bone or if he propped it against something. However, if this is a new behavior, especially in a senior dog, you may want to get your dog checked out by a vet. They dislike having their ears, nose, legs, or tail caressed. It’s their unique way of saying, “I love and trust you, and I want to be close to you – all the time. Perhaps, your dog doesn't feel safe in your arms and struggles being held. Think about it: every time you head to the kitchen, there might be a little treat in it for them. Low-calorie or unbalanced diet. Additionally, If a dog has learned that moving up and down gets attention or a response from their owner, they may continue the behavior as a way to seek interaction. Your dog want you to hold his bone for several reasons: He wants your attention. 4. com Dec 16, 2022 · There can be several reasons why a dog may develop polyphagia, or an increase in appetite. 1. It’s normal for puppies to want to be held all the time. They will frequently seek your attention or simply want to be near you at all times. Other times, it is the person who gives out snacks most Jun 11, 2021 · The dog may be simply expressing his affection. Sometimes, this person is the primary caregiver who feeds, walks, and plays with the dog. There is evidence to show that endorphins are released when dogs lick, so licking can make them feel better. Some are listed below. If your dog does bite, do not physically punish your dog as By giving in and fussing him, or even by telling him off, he's getting what he wants -- your attention. Hot weather or exercise. Sep 8, 2023 · Do not treat your dog’s pain at home without prior approval. May 31, 2024 · 1. Clingy due to separation anxiety. Some dogs whine during greetings. Your dog can be fed a new protein source for several months to see if the allergy symptoms clear up. Turn your living room into an action-packed obstacle course! Use pillows as hurdles, create a tunnel using chairs and a blanket, and set up a little maze using cardboard boxes. Like human children, dogs can be extremely dramatic when they’re feeling neglected or aren’t getting enough love from their humans. You may also notice blood in your dog’s urine. Display signs of separation anxiety. Virga. Being held gives them a sense of security and closeness to their human companion. If you have adopted your dog from a rescue shelter, for example, they have been taught to hand their paw over in exchange for a treat. Several medical issues could be the reason your dog prefers eating from your hand. Apr 5, 2024 · Reason 1: You Have A High Energy Dog Or A Puppy. Whether this is in the form of being held, cuddled, or laying next Feb 15, 2023 · Reason 4: Affection. Some medications can cause your dog to pant more than normal, even when they aren’t hot. Compassion is one of the most often cited explanations for this behavior. If you have an older dog, they might be suffering from illness or the effects of old age. If you have a puppy, they might be going through the fear period or the flight instinct period. Typical signs of forebrain dysfunction in dogs include: Circling – Your dog walks around its environment in a circle, unable to follow a straight path or turn in another direction. Below are some of the common reasons why babies may like to be held by parents all the time. Because direct staring among dogs is By sitting on people, dogs often feel higher and more in control. Klein, “nipping is usually a Your dog is cuddly all of a sudden because they’re in pain, scared, or anxious. The unhappy dog will do this because he is scared, anxious or he wants to alert you . Anxiety and fear: Being held off the ground with their belly up can make a dog feel vulnerable and anxious. This leads to boredom and excessive attention-seeking. Turns out, dogs can absolutely refuse to eat and still be fairly the same otherwise. Underlying health issues can also be the cause. Young dogs may be seeking relief from teething. They can be licking you for reassurance or because they want your attention. Apr 23, 2024 · There are a lot of potential reasons for your dog is drinking a lot of water. Resource guarding and sitting on humans. When this happens, they might decide to pick the silliest way to get your attention. By looking at you closely it helps them collect information to understand more about their situation. Sep 8, 2023 · It is the same issue as with the first thing you can do, as we have mentioned earlier. Autri Taheri. They Want Something. Nov 30, 2022 · The act of sitting and laying at your feet can be a behavior instilled in their DNA. It stands to reason that a dog that wants to be near you is afraid of leaving your side. If it's especially hot outside or your dog has recently exercised, you're more likely to notice them lapping up an increased amount of water. They are trying to communicate with you the best way they can. Cushing's disease. Feb 20, 2018 · Spending sufficient time playing with your dog promotes a healthy bond between you and your dog. Then they’re likely to just be demonstrating general attention-seeking behavior. Dogs will watch us greeting people with Oct 7, 2016 · 4 Reasons a Dog’s Behavior Changes ‘Out of the Blue’. Ms. Your dog may be showing dominance. Short, continuous barks may be a call for your attention. They are a lot like babies in the first few weeks and can drive you crazy with their insistent crying and clinginess. Dogs often lick because they want the attention, and it’s a way of getting it from you since they associate whenever they lick you to you petting them and kissing them back. It can also be because they just want to sleep on you, it’s in their nature, or they just love being around you. Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. A newborn is suddenly thrown into a noisy world from the calm and warm womb. He is expressing his affection for you. Cats often seek warmth and comfort. First of all, it's important to consider that looking away is a natural, instinctive behavior in dogs. It could be a request for a treat or the imitation of a handshake. Compassion. May 18, 2023 · Yes! Havanese dogs love to be held and are actually one of the most affectionate breeds out there. Dogs are social animals and have a strong need for contact and attention from their owners. May 30, 2024 · Image by: Your Hand Please, Shutterstock 4. Like humans, dogs can display nervous ticks that come out when they're To know it read the full article. If the behavior gets more frequent or aggressive, PetMD suggests it may be time to talk to your veterinarian about ways Why Does My Dog Drink a Lot of Water at Night? Dogs may excessively drink water at night for all of the above medical issues, but this can also be caused by: Dehydration; Cognitive dysfunction; High-sodium treats or food at night; Not enough water available during the day, especially if a dog is crated during the day with no water bowl. They may wag their tail, jump up and down in excitement, or even paw at your leg in an attempt to get your attention. To get better “leverage” while chewing. But you might feel you did your job a little too well. Apr 26, 2024 · 9 Common Reasons for Dog Pacing 1. Dec 6, 2015 · Causes for the increased appetite are great in number. Some possible causes of an increased appetite in dogs include: Inadequate nutrition. A dog with pent up physical or emotional energy is more likely to whine. Overall, dogs seek attention when they are: Socializing. Destruction of property or scratching at doors when left alone. They can easily herd, track, hunt, fight, and even join sports events. Aug 16, 2022 · So if your pup is acting normal in every way except during meal time, this can be a big cause of confusion. Compared to puppies, senior dogs are probably not going to want to play all the time; and the average three-year-old husky is going to want to play a lot more than the average three-year-old pug, although I’ve certainly seen exceptions to that! It’s also quite normal for your puppy to want to May 22, 2023 · Tumors can cause obstructions to the urinary flow, making it difficult for your dog to pee. This can lead to stress, fear, and potentially aggressive behavior. Lounge on the couch, and they get snuggles. Even cuter. This means they might act aggressively if another dog comes near when they’re sitting on you. If those distractions don’t work, you could try desensitization, a behavioral solution to separation problems. He wants to share it with you. Looking For Attention. com. Borns-Weil says. It's a way to express love, reduce stress, and help your dog get accustomed to pet care. May 22, 2023 · There are a lot of different reasons dogs might hold rocks in their mouths, including medical issues, teething, exploration, wanting attention, instinct, or just being silly. One way of understanding the meaning of their behavior is by being Apr 27, 2021 · Triggers such as fear of fireworks or thunderstorms and anxiety in the car can all trigger episodes of extreme panting. Apr 28, 2020 · Here are the most likely answers: Not enough exercise: Depending on the breed, your dog may require a lot more exercise than it’s currently getting. Some dogs want to be picked up and seek the safety of their owner’s arms. And that’s why many dogs still have the instinct to chase up until today. Medication. Fighting contests. If, when your return, your dog immediately stops barking (or doing whatever they were doing) and appears to be happy and content. 2. As you can tell, dogs are very effective for these jobs. Some canines react this way when their needs are neglected. Holding hands is a form of physical contact that conveys affection and security, which can be very comforting for dogs who may feel anxious or uncertain in certain situations. Most important, pay attention to changes in your dog’s behavior. Learned behavior of begging for food. “Giving paw is an instinctual behavior that dogs will use to get your Jun 28, 2021 · For dogs, growling is a way of communication. Just like people, dogs need aerobic activity every day -- 15 to 30 minutes. A lot of times, a dog will try not to budge from the house, and it’s not necessarily apparent that noise phobia is As long as you are patient and have a little extra time, there are some steps you can take to discourage and end this unwanted behavior. From expressing their pleasure as you rub their belly to snarling at another dog, there are several possible reasons why your dog growls. Mar 14, 2024 · Staring also occurs when your dog is trying to get your attention or tell you something. May 16, 2023 · Why Doesn't My Dog Like Being Picked Up? Some dogs simply don't like being held because they find it stressful, uncomfortable, or even scary. It makes it easier for him to eat it. If a dog keeps yawning, they may be nervous. There will usually be a pause between each bark, giving you a chance to react. “If a dog is obsessively licking a spot on their body it can be a sign of discomfort, such as itching or pain,” says Ruth. But is that all the reasons that they want a hug? May 6, 2024 · 7. In the rest of this article, I will cover all the possible reasons why Your dog wants to be alone all of a sudden because they feel anxious. This is the case with Remy, especially while he was teething. People also ask: Aug 30, 2023 · Dogs are smart animals and will often single out one person to follow, sometimes even to the exclusion of others. Let's discover several potential reasons why your dog may be avoiding eye contact with you. Reinforced Behavior: Unconscious Rewards. A lesion in the central nervous system. Sometimes dogs will become too possessive, and other times they carry toys because they’re ill, bored, or anxious. The behavior is likely to get worse before it gets better. Your pet dog may be possessive. They like to be held by their owners as that provides them with a sense of security and a feeling of belonging. When a dog has pent up energy, it may follow you around begging to be petted and for other attention. Respond selectively to your dog's whining. Shutterstock. He is showing dominance. Physical discomfort may also make your dog want to go outside to isolate itself. Feb 27, 2024 · 1. Jan 1, 2021 · Clinical signs depend on severity. Being bored, stressed, in pain or itchy may cause dogs to excessively lick. It's a Natural Behavior. Grade II MPL: the pet skips once in a while or holds up a hind leg; when the knee is bent, the patella luxates Some dogs whine excessively when interacting with people and other dogs, usually while adopting a submissive posture (e. Unfortunately, a dog walking in circles (circling) is almost always a sign of forebrain dysfunction. Your dog may want to share the bone with you. Sometimes, it’s easier to put your dog away than it is for you to leave. anxious -at-night-common-causes-and-solutions/” title=”anxious”>anxious when we’re away. “Pets can be sensitive to changes like moving to a new house, a new roommate or partner, or Apr 21, 2021 · But the mere act of physical interaction can get your pup excited and then expect the teeth to come out. For instance, perhaps your child picked up your puppy roughly or he held your dog in her arms for longer than the dog tolerated. If your dog is feeling anxious or scared, they may seek comfort from you by asking to be picked up. Dogs that like relaxing rest their minds, avoid Nov 29, 2017 · Spreading Their Scent. Prolonged eye contact is a sign of aggression in dogs that can spell trouble. This discomfort may result in a decreased appetite, with your hand representing a source of softer food. It helps to observe your dog when they are biting. Oct 30, 2019 · If you want to know whether your dog's attention seeking behavior is unhealthy you can look out for the following signs: Excessive barking or similar vocalizations, especially when they are alone. Imprinting is more common than you might expect and although the term may sound foreign, you have certainly seen that behavior before. Licking is a show of love. Noise phobia. Touching you is a harmless habit your dog can do. If the other causes of scratching are ruled out, it is a good idea to try a challenge diet. Bathing greatly reduces the amount of allergens picked up by dogs in their environment. Some dogs will sit in "your spot" on the sofa or even roll around all over your sofa as a way to spread their scent and show that you belong to them. Primary gastrointestinal disease. Since you are the alpha, they must lay at your feet once you’ve found your comfortable spot. They feel worried that other dogs (or even people!) might try and steal you away from them. Your dog wants to be alone for psychological reasons such as burnout, depression, anxiety, stress, or phobias. It could be just a learned habit or anxiety. Oct 19, 2022 · If a dog seems nervous around you, that's not a great sign either. Some causes may be related to: If you take your dog for a long walk or jog after being inactive over an extended period of time, your dog may show signs of a muscle injury. This is the most common answer to the question of sudden canine clinginess. Most dogs will “follow the leader” in the sense of following the human who gives them the most treats, attention, affection, or all the above. Some dogs that are very tuned into their owners' emotions may also rush to lay down on them if they sense feelings of sadness. They Want You to Stop. Dec 4, 2023 · A reluctance to break eye contact may actually be considered polite in the dog world. For example, if it’s time for a potty break, your dog might sit by the door and gawk at you. A dog with separation anxiety will have Apr 18, 2023 · Attention Seeking. Some scientists agree that kissing, in addition to love, is a gesture of respect. g. By sitting on you, your dog is displaying their trust and affection towards you, as you are seen as their trusted companion. Tracking. Stiffening of posture. Jan 10, 2022 · Here are some possibilities: 1. 5. Providing Emotional Support. Ignore the Dog. Because now your dog stays in their crate most of the time! If you ever wondered why that is, here it is in a nutshell: A crate mimics a den, which is why dogs like them so much. A playful dog who wants to initiate a game will often try several tactics to get you to interact. Avoid waving hands and fingers in your dog’s face, slapping the sides of their face, or jerking your hands away quickly. A Velcro dog will be “stuck to you” when you are home. Separation anxiety manifests in many different ways depending on your dog’s personality. Holding paws releases oxytocin, a hormone that lowers stress and anxiety levels. Not enough attention: It’s possible that your dog wants to play all the time because you’re not giving it enough attention when you are May 27, 2020 · Sometimes, dogs develop a dislike for being held due to unpleasant consequences. The root of anxiety can either be: fear, old age, and separation. They Make Eye Contact. Growing Dependence. Sep 20, 2018 · A dog handing over a paw is a learned habit. Cheney is actually lucky that she was able to draw a line between Otis’s noise phobia and his unwillingness to go outside, Dr. It could imply that your canine regards you as the leader of the household or pack. Showing affection. Dogs also get cuddly when they or their owner is pregnant. If you try to pick up your dog and they start whining or struggling against you, then you should stop immediately and try again later. Physical 4 days ago · Medical issues. This usually indicates that this person fulfills whatever the dog is looking for. Diabetes mellitus. If he normally loves to be held and snuggled, take note if he suddenly May 18, 2023 · A game of detective where your dog is the hero, and you’re the sneaky hider. May 30, 2024 · Dog anxiety can affect all breeds, but may affect each individual dog differently. Stress can cause your dog to increase eating habits. For instance, he might start barking more loudly and urgently but, once he realizes it's not getting the desired effect, he gives up. Jumpiness and restlessness could be a sign that your dog is hungry or thirsty or they want to help themselves. Behavioral training will help, as well as calming pheromones or medications. Some can be positive like expression of love and some can be an expression of an underlying health concern. This is when you leave for a very short period of time, like maybe 5 minutes, then come back in the house. Hypoallergenic Diet. Jun 18, 2024 · There could be several reasons why a baby would like to be held depending on their age, health status, and personality. Once he's calmed down and stopped seeking Mar 16, 2018 · Dogs can often be so attached to their human companion that they freak out if they are not literally touching them. But be careful to play safely. Your dog might not be behaving like his usual self because he is experiencing some internal pain. But if they do this excessively, then you have to do something to stop this behavior. You may not realize it, but you are rewarding and encouraging the trait whenever you pet and kiss it back. Hyperthyroidism. The relationship between humans and dogs is a complex one, and there are many reasons why a dog might hold its owner’s hand. Quoting Jonah Erickson at wagwalking. As stated in a study, dog growls express various contextual and affective content for humans. Once you notice a moment of silence, offer praise, a treat, or a similar reward. It’s a way to get attention. Jul 11, 2021 · Here are some other reasons your dog likes being held like a baby: 1. Or, if your Nov 21, 2020 · If your dog puts his paw on you or into your hand, it means your dog is simply trying to get your attention to themselves or draw your attention to something else. Although it is something that all dogs experience from time to time, if disproportionate levels of anxiety are Dec 17, 2021 · Physical discomfort: Dogs are not built to be held like babies. This can be their very own sign of One main reason is affection and bonding – just like humans, cats crave attention and physical touch from those they love. If your dog is barking for attention, the barks will usually be short, sharp, and monotone. Activity 2: Indoor Agility Course. Another explanation could be that the dog is trying to establish dominance Mar 4, 2024 · Here are the most common reasons for excessive urination in dogs: 1. Jul 8, 2017 · There are many reasons that can cause a dog's tail to be limp, or held down. The majority of Havanese will have a high desire to give and receive affection. Many people crate train their pups in part to give them a place to sleep. Some dogs will lick your hands when they feel stressed or worried about a situation. kt er nt te es la pw dk dx kw  Banner